Explanatory Notes
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Apparatus Notes
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CHAPTER 6

[begin page 85]

Tom was conducted to the principal apartment of a noble suite, and made to sit down—a thing which he was loth to do, sincealteration in the MS there were elderly menalteration in the MS and men of high degree about him. He begged them to be seated, also, but they only bowed their thanks or murmured them, and remained standing. He would have insisted, but his “uncle” the Earlemendation of Hertford whispered in his ear—

“Prithee, insist not, my lord; it is not meet that they sit in thy presence.”

The lord St. John was announced, and after making obeisance to Tom, he said—

“I come upon the king’s errand, concerning a matter which requireth privacy. Will it please your royal highness to dismiss all that attend youalteration in the MS here, save my lord the Earlemendation of Hertford?”

[begin page 86]

Observing that Tom did not seem toalteration in the MS know how to proceed, Hertford whispered him to make a sign with his hand and not trouble himself to speak unless he chose. When the waiting gentlemenalteration in the MS had retired, lord St. Johnemendation said—

“His majesty commandeth, that foralteration in the MS due and weighty reasons of state, the prince’s grace shall hide his infirmity in all ways that be within his power,alteration in the MS till it be passed and he be as he was before. To witemendation, that he shall deny to none that he is the true prince, and heir to

prithee, insist not.”
England’s greatness; that he shall uphold his princely dignity, and shall receive, without word or sign of protest, that reverence and observance whichalteration in the MS unto it do appertain of right and ancient usage; that he shall cease to speak to any of that lowly birth and life his malady hath conjured out of the unwholesome imaginings of o’erwrought fancy; that he shall strive with diligence to bring unto his memory again those faces which he was wont to know—and where he faileth, he shall hold his peace, neither betraying by semblancealteration in the MS of [begin page 87] surprise, or other sign, that he hath forgot; that upon occasions of state, whensoever any matter shall perplex him as to the thing he should do or the utterance he should make, he shall showhistorical collation emendation naught of unrest to the curious that look on, but take advice in that matter of the lord Hertford or myalteration in the MS humble self, which are commanded of the king to be upon this service and close at call, tillalteration in the MS this commandment be dissolved. Thus saith the king’s majesty, who sendeth greeting to your royal highness and prayeth that God will of His mercy quickly heal you and have you now and ever in Hisemendation holy keeping.”

The lord St. Johnemendation made reverence and stood aside. Tom replied, resignedly—

the lord st. john made reverence.”

“The king hath said it. None may palter with the king’s command, or fit it to his ease, where it dothemendation chafe,alteration in the MS with deft evasions. The king shall be obeyed.”

Lord Hertfordalteration in the MS said—

“Touching the king’s majesty’s ordainment concerning books and such like serious matters, it may peradventure please your highness [begin page 88] to ease your time with lightsome entertainment, lest you go wearied to the banquet and suffer harm thereby.”

Tom’s face showed inquiring surprise; and a blush followed when he saw lord St. John’semendation eyes bent sorrowfully upon him. His lordship said—

“Thy memory still wrongeth thee, and thou hast shownhistorical collation emendation surprise—but suffer it not to trouble thee, for ’tis a matter that will not bide, but depart with thy mending malady. My lord of Hertford speaketh of the city’s banquet which the king’s majesty did promise, some two months flown, your highness should attend. Thou recallest it now?”

“It grievesalteration in the MS me to confess it had indeed escaped me,” said Tom, in a hesitating voice;alteration in the MS and blushed again.

At this moment the lady Elizabeth and the lady Jane Grey were announced. The two lords exchanged significant glances, and Hertford stepped quickly toward the door. As the young girlsalteration in the MS passed him, he said in a low voice—

“I pray ye, ladies, seem not to observe his humors, nor showhistorical collation emendation surprise when his memory doth lapse—it willalteration in the MS grieve you to notealteration in the MS how it doth stick at every trifle.”

Meantime lord St. John was saying in Tom’s ear—

“Please you sir, keep diligently in mind his majesty’salteration in the MS desire. Remember all thou canst—seem to remember all else. Let them not perceive that thou art muchalteration in the MS changed from thy wont, for thou knowest how tenderly thy old playfellows bear thee in their hearts and how ’twould grieve them. Art willing, sir, that I remain?—and thine uncle?”

Tom signified assent with a gesture and a murmured word, for he was already learning, and in his simple heart was resolved to acquit himself as best he might, according to the king’s command.

In spite of every precaution,alteration in the MS the conversation among the young people becamealteration in the MS a little embarrassing, at times. More than once, in truth, Tom was near to breaking down and confessing himself unequal to his tremendous part;alteration in the MS but the tact of the princess Elizabeth saved him, or a word from one or the other of the vigilant lords, thrown in apparently by chance, had the same happy effect. Once the little ladyemendation Jane turned to Tom and dismayedhistorical collation emendation him with this question,—

[begin page 89]

“Hast paid thy duty to the queen’s majesty to-dayemendation, my lord?”

Tom hesitated, looked distressed, and was about to stammer out something at hazard, when lord St. John took the word and answered for him with the easy grace of a courtier accustomed to encounter delicate difficulties and to be ready for them—

“He hath indeed, madam, and she did greatly hearten him, as touching his majesty’s condition, is italteration in the MS not so, your highness?”

hertford and the princesses.

Tom mumbled something that stood for assent, but felt that he was getting upon dangerous groundhistorical collation emendation. Somewhat later it was mentioned that Tom was to study no more at present, whereupon her little ladyship exclaimed—

“Tis a pity, ’tis such a pity! Thou wertalteration in the MS proceeding bravely. But bide thy time in patience; it will not be for long. Thou’ltalteration in the MS yet be graced with learning like thy father, and make thy tongue master of as many languages as his, good my prince.”alteration in the MS

[begin page 90]

“My father!” cried Tom, off his guard for the moment. “I trow he cannot speak his own so that any but the swine that wallowhistorical collation emendation in the styeshistorical collation emendation textual note may tell his meaning; and as for learning of any sort soever—” He looked up and encountered a solemn warning in my lord St. John’semendation eyes. He stopped, blushed, then continued low and sadly: “Ah, my malady persecuteth me again, and my mind wandereth. I meant the king’s grace no irreverence.”

“We know it, sir,” said the princess Elizabeth, taking her “brother’s”alteration in the MS hand betweenalteration in the MS her two palms, respectfully but caressinglyalteration in the MS; “trouble not thyself as to that. The fault is none of thine, but thy distemper’s.”

“Thou’rt a gentle comforter, sweet lady,” said Tom, gratefully, “and my heart moveth me to thank thee for’t, an’emendation I may be so bold.”

Once the giddy little lady Jane fired a simple Greek phrase at Tom. The princessalteration in the MS Elizabeth’s quick eye sawalteration in the MS by the serene blankness of the target’s front that the shaft was overshot; so she tranquilly delivered a return volley of sounding Greek on Tom’s behalf, and then straightwayemendation changedalteration in the MS the talk to other matters.

Time wore onalteration in the MS pleasantly, and likewise smoothly, on the whole. Snags and sandbars grew less and less frequent, and Tom grew more and more at his ease, seeing that all were so lovinglyalteration in the MS bent upon helping him and overlookingemendation his mistakes. When it came out that the little ladies were to accompany him to the Lord Mayor’s banquet in the evening, his heart gave a bound of reliefalteration in the MS and delight, for he felt that he should not be friendless, now, among that multitude of strangers; whereas, an hour earlier, the idea of their going with him would have been an insupportable terror to him.

Tom’s guardian angels, the two lords, had had less comfort in the interview than the other parties to it. They felt much as if they were piloting a great ship through a dangerous channelalteration in the MS; they were on the alert, constantly, and found their office no child’s play. Wherefore, at last, when the ladies’ visit was drawing to a close and the lord Guilford Dudley was announced, they not only felt that their charge had been sufficientlyalteration in the MS taxed for the present, but also that they themselves were not in the best condition to take their ship back and make thathistorical collation textual note alteration in the MS anxious voyage all over again. So they respectfully advised Tom to excuse himself, which he was very glad to do, althoughhistorical collation emendation a slight shade of disappointment might have been observed upon my lady Jane’s face when she heard the splendidalteration in the MS stripling denied admittance.

[begin page 91]

There was a pause, now, a sort of waiting silence which Tom could not understand. He glanced at lord Hertford, who gave him a sign—but he failed to understand that, also. The ready Elizabeth came to the rescue with her usual easy grace. She made reverence and said—

“Have we leave of the prince’s grace my brother to go?”

Tom said—

Indeedalteration in the MS your ladyshipsalteration in the MS canalteration in the MS have whatsoever of me they will, for the asking; yet would I rather give them any other thing that in my poor power lieth, than leave to take the light and blessing of their presence hence. Give yealteration in the MS good den, and God be with ye!”alteration in the MS Then he

she made reverence.”
smiled inwardly at the thought, “’Tis not for naughtalteration in the MS I have dwelt but among princes in my reading, and taught my tongue some slight trick of their broidered and gracious speech withal!”

When the illustrious maidens were gone, Tom turned wearily to his keepers and said—

“May it please your lordships to grant me leave to go into some corner and rest me?”

Lord Hertford said—

“So please your highness, it is for youalteration in the MS to command, it is for usalteration in the MS to [begin page 92]

offered it to him on a golden salver.”
obey. That thou shouldst rest, is indeed a needful thing, since thou must journey to the city presently.”

He touched a bell, and a page appeared, who was ordered to desire the presence of Sir William Herbert. This gentlemanhistorical collation emendation came straightwayemendation, and conducted Tom to an inner apartment. Tom’s first movement, there, was to reach for a cup of water;alteration in the MS but a silk-and-velvet servitor seizedemendation it, dropped upon one knee, and offered it to him on a golden salver. Nextalteration in the MS the tired captive sat down and was going to take off his buskins, timidlyalteration in the MS asking leave with his eye, but another silk-and-velvet discomforter went down upon his kneestextual note and took the office from him. He made two or three further efforts to help himself, but being promptly forestalled each time, he finally gave up, with a sigh of resignation and a murmured “Beshrewemendation me but I marvel they do not require to breathe for me, also!” Slippered, and wrapped in a sump-
[begin page 93] tuous robehistorical collation emendation, he laid himselfhistorical collation emendation down at last to rest, but not to sleepalteration in the MS, for his head was too full of thoughts and the room too full of people. He could not dismiss the former, so they staid; he did not know enough to dismiss the latter, so they staid also, to his vast regret,and theirs.textual note alteration in the MS

Tom’s departure had left his two noble guardians alone. They mused a while, with muchalteration in the MS head-shakingemendation and walking the floor, then lord St. Johnemendation said—

“Plainly, what dost thou think?”

they mused a while.”

“Plainly, then, this.alteration in the MS The king is near his end, my nephew is mad, mad willalteration in the MS mount the throne, and mad remain. God protect England, sincealteration in the MS she will need it!”

“Verily it promiseth so, indeed. But . . . . have youalteration in the MS no misgivings as to . . . . as to . . . .”

The speaker hesitated, and finally stopped. He evidently felt that he was upon delicate ground. Lord Hertford stopped before him, looked into his face with a clear, frank eye, and said—

Speakalteration in the MS on—there is none to hear but me. Misgivings as to what?”

[begin page 94]

“I am full lothemendation to word the thing that is in myalteration in the MS mind, and thou so near to him in blood, my lord. But craving pardon if I do offend, seemeth it not strange that madness could so change his port and manner!emendation alteration in the MS—not but that his port and speech are princely still, but that they differ, in one unweighty trifle or another, from what his custom was aforetime. Seemeth it not strange that madness should filch from his memory his father’s very lineaments, the customs and observances that are his due from such as be about him, and leaving him his Latin strip him of his Greek and French? My lord, be not offended, but ease my mind of its disquiet and receive my grateful thanks. It haunteth me, his saying he was not the prince, and so—”

“Peace, my lord, thou utterest treason! Hast forgot the king’s command? Remember I am party to thy crime, if I but listen.”

St. John paled, and hastened to say—

“I was in fault. I do confess it. Betray me not, grant me this grace out of thy courtesy, and I will neither think nor speak of this thing more. Deal not hardly with me, sir, else am I ruined.”

peace, my lord, thou utterest treason!”

[begin page 95]
he began to pace the floor.”

“I am content, my lord. So thou offend not again, here or in the earhistorical collation of others, it shall be as though thou hadst not spoken. But thou needst not have misgivings. He is my sister’s son; are not his voice, his face, his form, familiar to me from his cradle? Madness can do all the odd conflicting things thou seest in him, and more. Dost not recal how that the old Baronalteration in the MS Marley, being mad, forgot the favor of his own countenance that he had known for sixty years,alteration in the MS and held it was another’s; nay, even claimed he was the son of Mary Magdalene, and that his head was made of Spanish glass; and sooth to say, he suffered none to touch it, lest by mischance some heedless handalteration in the MS might shiver it. Give thy misgivings easement, good my lord. This is the very prince, I know him well—and soon will be thy king; it may advantage thee to bear this in mind and more dwell upon it than the other.”

[begin page 96]

After some further talk, in which the lord St. Johnemendation covered up his mistake as well as he could by repeated protests that his faith was thoroughly grounded, now, and could not be assailed by doubts again, the lord Hertfordalteration in the MS relieved his fellow keeper and sat down to keep watch and ward alone. He was soon deep in meditation. And evidently, the longer he thought,alteration in the MS the more he was bothered. By and by he began to pace the floor and mutter.alteration in the MS

“Tush, he must be the prince! Will any he in all the land maintain therealteration in the MS can be two, not of one bloodhistorical collation emendation and birth, so marvelously twinned? And even were it so, ’twere yet a stranger miracle that chance should cast the one into the other’s place. Nay, ’tis folly, folly, folly!”

Presently he said:

“Now werealteration in the MS he impostor and called himselfhistorical collation emendation prince, look you that would be natural; that would be reasonable. But lived ever an impostor yet, who, being called princeemendation by the king, prince byemendation the court, princeemendation alteration in the MS by all, denied his dignity and pleaded againsthistorical collation emendation alteration in the MS textual note his exaltation?— No! By the soulalteration in the MS of St. Swithin, no! This is the true prince, gone mad!emendationalteration in the MS

Historical Collation CHAPTER 6
  show (A, E, C)  ●  shew (MS) 
  shown (Pr, A, E, C)  ●  shewn (MS) 
  show (A, E, C)  ●  shew (MS) 
  dismayed (A, Eb-c)  ●  cornered (MS, Ea, C) 
  dangerous ground (A, Eb-c, C)  ●  pretty thin ice (MS, Ea) 
  wallow (A, C)  ●  kennel (MS, E) 
  styes (A, Eb-c)  ●  slums (MS, Pr, Ea, C) 
  that (MS)  ●  their (A, E, C) 
  although (A, E, C)  ●  albeit (MS) 
  gentleman (A, E, C)  ●  gentlemen (MS) 
  robe (A, Eb-c, C)  ●  robe de chambre (MS, Ea) 
  laid himself (A, Eb-c, C)  ●  lay (MS, Ea) 
  ear (MS)  ●  ears (Pr, A, E, C) 
  blood (A, Eb-c, C)  ●  womb (MS, Ea) 
  called himself (A, E, C)  ●  said he were (MS) 
  against (A, E, C)  ●  ’gainst (MS) 
Editorial Emendations CHAPTER 6
  Earl (I-C)  ●  earl
  Earl (I-C)  ●  earl
  St. John (A)  ●  St John
  To wit (I-C)  ●  To- | wit
  show (A)  ●  shew
  His (A)  ●  his
  St. John (A)  ●  St John
  doth (A)  ●  doth,
  St. John’s (Pr)  ●  St John’s
  shown (Pr)  ●  shewn
  show (A)  ●  shew
  lady (A)  ●  Lady
  dismayed (A)  ●  cornered
  to-day (A)  ●  to- | day
  dangerous ground (A)  ●  pretty thin ice
  wallow (A)  ●  kennel
  styes (A)  ●  slums
  St. John’s (Pr)  ●  St John’s
  an’ (Pr)  ●  an
  straightway (Pr)  ●  straigtway
  overlooking (Pr)  ●  over- | looking
  although (A)  ●  albeit
  gentleman (A)  ●  gentlemen
  straightway (I-C)  ●  straight- | way
  seized (A)  ●  siezed
  Beshrew (A)  ●  Be- | shrew
  robe (A)  ●  robe de chambre
  laid himself (A)  ●  lay
  head-shaking (A)  ●  head- | shaking
  St. John (A)  ●  St John
  loth (I-C)  ●  loath
  manner! (A)  ●  manner?
  St. John (A)  ●  St John
  blood (A)  ●  womb
  called himself (A)  ●  said he were
  called prince (A)  ●  called Prince
  prince by (A)  ●  Prince by
  prince (A)  ●  Prince
  against (A)  ●  ’gainst
  mad! (A)  ●  mad.
Alterations in the Manuscript CHAPTER 6
 CHAPTER 6] the MS reads ‘Chap. 6.’; ‘6.’ added in ink 3 in a space originally left blank.
 since] interlined without a caret above canceled ‘seeing’.
 elderly men] followed by a comma added in ink 3 and then wiped out.
 you] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘thee’.
 seem to] interlined in ink 3.
 gentlemen] follows canceled ‘lords’.
 that for] follows canceled ‘my’.
 power,] the comma apparently mended from a period.
 which] interlined with a caret above canceled ‘that’.
 semblance] follows canceled ‘sur’.
 Hertford or my] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘Herbert or mine’.
 till] followed by canceled ‘that’.
 chafe,] originally interlined in pencil without a caret as an alternative reading to ‘bind,’; later in ink 3 ‘bind,’ canceled, ‘chafe,’ retraced, and a caret added.
 Hertford] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘Herbert’.
 grieves] originally ‘grieveth’; ‘es’ interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘eth’.
 voice;] the semicolon mended from a comma in ink 3.
 the young girls] follows canceled ‘the ladies’.
 it will] originally “twill'; ‘it’ interlined in ink 3 above canceled”t'.
 to note] ‘to’ originally ‘too’; the second ‘o’ canceled; ‘note’ interlined above canceled ‘see’.
 his majesty's] follows canceled ‘the’.
 art much] follows canceled ‘at’.
 precaution,] the comma added in ink 3.
 became] follows canceled opening parenthesis.
 part;] the semicolon mended from a comma in ink 3.
 is it] originally ‘is‘t’; ‘it’ interlined in ink 3 above canceled’ ‘t’.
 wert] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘wast’.
 Thou'lt] originally ‘Thoul't’; the original apostrophe canceled and a new apostrophe added between ‘u’ and ‘l’.
 prince."] followed by an asterisk written and canceled in ink 3.
 “brother's”] the opening and closing quotation marks originally added in pencil, then retraced in ink 3.
 between] follows canceled ‘ca’.
 but caressingly] ‘but’ interlined above canceled ‘and’.
 princess] originally ‘prince's’; the apostrophe canceled and the final‘s’ added.
 saw] follows canceled ‘noted’.
 changed] interlined above canceled ‘turned’.
 wore on] followed by a canceled comma.
 lovingly] followed by canceled ‘bent u’.
 relief] follows canceled ‘de’.
 channel] follows two unrecovered canceled letters.
 been sufficiently] originally ‘had a sufficient’; ‘been’ interlined above canceled ‘had a’; ‘ly’ added.
 make that] follows canceled ‘steer her through the’.
 splendid] follows canceled ‘charming and’.
 Indeed] originally ‘In sooth’; ‘deed’ interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘sooth’.
 your ladyships] follows canceled ‘my lady's’.
 can] interlined above canceled ‘could’.
 Give ye] ‘ye’ interlined in pencil above canceled ‘thee’.
 ye!“] interlined in pencil above canceled ‘thee!” '.
 naught] apparently originally ‘nought’; ‘a’ mended from ‘o’.
 it is for you] ‘it is’ interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘'tis’.
 it is for us] ‘it is for’ interlined in ink 3 to replace ‘'tis for’ which was interlined and canceled above canceled ‘and’.
 water;] the semicolon mended in ink 3 from a comma.
 Next] follows canceled ‘Tom’.
 timidly] follows canceled ‘humbly’.
 to sleep] follows canceled ‘too s’.
 —and theirs.] originally added in pencil, then retraced in ink 3; the preceding comma mended in ink 3 from a period.
 with much] follows canceled ‘then’.
 this.] the period added in pencil replacing a canceled question mark.
 mad will] follows canceled ‘and’.
 since] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘sith’.
 have you] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘hast thou’.
 Speak] written over ‘G’.
 in my] ‘in’ interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘upon’.
 manner!] the MS reads ‘manner?’; the question mark apparently squeezed in; emended.
 Baron] follows canceled ‘Marquis’.
 years,] the comma added in ink 3.
 hand] interlined in ink 3.
 lord Hertford] follows canceled ‘lord Herbert’.
 thought,] the comma added in ink 3.
 mutter.] the period added in ink 3 replacing a canceled dash.
 there] follows canceled ‘that’.
 folly!” Presently . . . mad!”] ‘folly!” ’ originally followed by ‘After further perplexing thought and further pacing, he said— “But if it could be? . . . . . . . . . if it might be? . . . . . . . The morrow shall resolve the doubt. I will move heed-fully and in secret—not by public proclama- | and by one MS page now missing; the dash following ‘secret’ mended from a period; then ‘Presently . . . mad.” ’ (96.12–17) (emended) added to follow ‘folly!” ’ on the verso of the MS page with instructions to turn over; later, ‘After . . . proclama- | canceled in ink 3, and the MS page which followed presumably discarded.
 “Now were] originally ‘ “Were’; ‘ “Now’ added and the original quotation marks canceled; ‘W’ not reduced to ‘w’.
 prince by the court, prince] the MS reads ‘Prince . . . Prince’ (emended); originally ‘prince . . . prince’; ‘P’ written over ‘p’. (twice).
 against] the MS reads ‘'gainst’; originally ‘against’; the ‘a’ canceled and an apostrophe added; emended.
 By the soul] follows canceled ‘Who, then, could refuse a princedom so forced upon him?’.
Textual Notes CHAPTER 6
 wallow in the styes] As in the first American edition. The evolution of this phrase is as follows:

1. kennel in the slums (MS)

2. not in in the slums (Pr)

3. kennel in the slums (Ea)

4. wallow in the slums (C)

5. wallow in the styes (A)

6. kennel in the styes (Eb)

The first state of the English edition (Ea) and the Canadian edition (C) were set from early stages of proof for the first American edition (A). Apparently Mark Twain made the first change (from “kennel” to “wallow”) after the early proofs had been sent to England but before the Canadian edition was set. At some time after the prospectus (Pr) was printed, he then further revised the reading (from “slums” to “styes”) for the first American edition. That reading is adopted here. The reading of the second state of the first English edition (Eb), which was corrected against the American edition to incorporate late changes, does not represent another Mark Twain revision, but rather an incomplete correction.

 that] The reading of the first American edition, “their,” is rejected as a memorial error or unconscious repetition from the two previous instances of “their” in the sentence, although it is conceivable that Mark Twain made the change when he changed “albeit” to “although” in the line below.
 down upon his knees] At the top of the manuscript page beginning here, Mark Twain wrote and canceled in pencil “(Mustn't take off his buskins).”
 and theirs.] Originally followed in the manuscript by a centered line, which Mark Twain wrote in ink 2 and later canceled in ink 3 when he substituted the instruction “(Double space).”
 against] As in the first American edition. In the manuscript Mark Twain originally wrote “against,” then canceled the “a” and substituted an apostrophe. Possibly the copyist read through his alteration, but it is more likely that he reversed himself again, as he frequently did (see, for instance, the alterations list, 205.15).