Explanatory Notes
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Apparatus Notes
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CHAPTER 10

[begin page 111]

We left textual note John Canty dragging the rightful prince into Offal Court, with a noisy and delighted mob at his heels. There was but one person in it who offered a pleading word for the captive, and he was not heeded; he was hardly even heard, so great was the turmoil. The prince continued to struggle for freedom and to ragealteration in the MS against the treatment he was suffering, until John Canty lost what little patience was left in him, and raised his oaken cudgel in a sudden fury over the prince’s head. The single pleader for the lad sprang to stop the man’s arm, and the blowalteration in the MS descended upon his own wrist. Canty roared out—

Thou’ltemendation meddle, wilt thou? Then have thy reward!”

His cudgel crashed down upon the meddler’s head; there was a groan, a dim formalteration in the MS sank to the ground among thetextual note feet of the crowd, and the next moment it lay there in the dark, alone. The mobalteration in the MS pressed on, their enjoyment nothing disturbed by this episode.

Presently the prince found himself in John Canty’s abode,alteration in the MS with the door closed against the outsiders. By the vague light of a tallow candle which was thrust into a bottle, he made out the main features of the loathsome den, and also the occupants of it. Two frowsy girls and a middle-aged woman cowered against the wall, in one corner, with the aspect of animals habituated to harsh usage and expecting and dreading it now. From another corner stole a witheredalteration in the MS hag with streaming gray hair and malignant eyes. John Canty said to this one—

[begin page 112]
a dim form sank to the ground.”

“Tarry! There’s fine mummeries here. Mar them not till thou’st enjoyed them; then let thy hand be heavy as thou wilt. Stand forth lad. Now say thy foolery again an’alteration in the MS thou’st not forgot it. Name thy name. Who art thou?”

The insulted blood mounted to the little prince’s cheek once more, and he lifted a steady and indignant gaze to the man’s face and said—

“’Tis but ill breeding in such as thoualteration in the MS to command me to speakalteration in the MS. I tell thee now, as I told thee before, I am Edward Prince of Wales,alteration in the MS and none other.”

The stunning surprise of this reply nailed the hag’s feet to the floor where she stood, and almost took her breath. She stared at the prince in stupid amazement, which so amused her ruffianly son that he burst into a roar of laughteralteration in the MS. But the effect upon Tom Canty’s mother and sisters was different. Their dread of bodily injury gave way at once to distress of a different sort. They ran forward with woe andalteration in the MS dismay in their faces, exclaiming—

[begin page 113]

Ohistorical collation, poor Tom, poor lad!”

The mother fell on her knees before the prince, putalteration in the MS her hands upon his shoulders, and gazed yearningly into his face through her rising tears. Then she said—

Ohistorical collation, my poor boy, thy foolish reading hath wrought its woful work at last and ta’en thy wit away! Ah, why didst thou cleave to it, when I so warned thee ’gainst it? Thou’st broke thy mother’s heart!”

The prince looked into her face and said gently—

“Thy son is well, and hath not lost his wits, good dame. Comfort thee; let me to the palace where he is, and straightway will the king my father restore him to thee.”

“The king thy father! Ohistorical collation, my child, unsay these words, that be freighted with death for thee, and ruinalteration in the MS for all that be near to thee. Shake off this grewsome dream. Call back thy poor wandering memory. Look upon me. Am not I thy mother that bore thee and loveth thee?”

The prince shook his head, and reluctantly said—

“God knoweth I am loth to grieve thy heart, but truly have I never looked upon thy face before.”

who art thou?”

[begin page 114]

The woman sank back to a sitting posture on the floor, and covering her eyes with her hands, gave way to heart-broken sobs and wailings.

“Let the show go on!” shouted Canty. “What, Nan! what, Bet! Mannerless wenches, will ye stand in the prince’s presence? Upon your knees, ye pauper scum,alteration in the MS and do him reverence!”

He followed this with another horse-laughemendation. The girls began to plead timidly for their brother, and Nan said—

An’alteration in the MS thou wilt but letalteration in the MS him to bed, father, rest and sleep will heal his madness—prithee, do!”

sent him staggering into goodwife canty’s arms.”

“Do, father,” said Bet, “he is more worn than is his wont. Tomorrow will he be himself again, and will beg with diligence and come not empty home again.”

This remark sobered the father’salteration in the MS joviality and brought his mind to business. He turned angrily upon the prince and said—

“The morrow must we pay two pennies to him that owns this hole—two pennies, mark ye—all this money for a half-year’s rent, else out of this we go. Show what thou’st gathered,alteration in the MS with thy lazy begging!”

The prince said—

“Offend me not with thy sordid matters. I tell thee again I am the king’s son.”

A sounding blow upon the prince’s shoulderalteration in the MS fromalteration in the MS Canty’s broad palm, sent him staggeringalteration in the MS into Goodwifealteration in the MS Canty’s arms, who clasped him to her breast and sheltered him from a peltingalteration in the MS rain of cuffsalteration in the MS and slaps by interposing her own person.alteration in the MS The frightened girls retreated to their corner, but the grandmotheremendation stepped eagerly forward to assist her son. The prince sprang away from Mrs. Canty, exclaiming—

[begin page 115]

“Thou shalt not suffer for me, madam. Let these swine do their will upon me alone!”

This speech infuriated the swine to such a degree that they set about their work without waste of time. Between them they belabored the boy right soundly,alteration in the MS and then gave the girls and their mother a beatinghistorical collation emendation for showing sympathy for the victim.

“Now,” said Canty, “to bed, all of ye. The entertainment hasalteration in the MS tired me.”

The light was put out,alteration in the MS and the family retired. As soon as the snorings of the head of the house and his mother showed that they were asleep, the young girls crept to where the prince lay and covered him tenderly from the cold with straw and rags, and their mother crept to him also, and stroked his hair and cried over him, whispering broken words of comfort and compassion in his ear the while. She had saved a morsel for him to eat, also, but the boy’s pains had swept away all appetite,—alteration in the MSat least for black and tasteless crusts. He was touched by her brave and costly defenseemendation of him, and by her commiseration; and he thanked her in very noble and princely words, and begged her to go to her sleep and try to forget her sorrows. And he added that the king his father would not let her loyal kindness and devotion go unrewarded. This return to his “madness” broke her heart anew,alteration in the MS and she strained him to her breast again and again and then went back, drowned in tears, to her bedhistorical collation emendation.

As she layalteration in the MS thinking and mourning, the suggestion began to creep into her mind that there was an undefinable something about this boy that was lacking in Tom Canty, mad or sane. She could not describe it, she could not tell just what it was, and yet her sharp mother-instinct seemed to detect it and perceive it. What if the boy were really not her son, after all? Ohistorical collation, absurd! She almost smiled at the idea, spite of her griefs and troubles. No matter, she found that it was an idea that would not “down,” but persisted in haunting her. It pursued her, it harassed her, it clung to her, and refused to be put away or ignored. At last she perceived that there was not going to be any peace for her until she should devise a test that should prove, clearly and without question, whether this lad was her son or not, and so banish these wearing and worrying doubts. Ah yesalteration in the MS, this was plainly the right way out of the difficulty; therefore she set her wits to work at once to contrive that test. But it was an easier thing to [begin page 116] propose than to accomplish. She turned over in her mind one promising testalteration in the MS after another, but was obliged to relinquish them all—none of them were absolutely sure, absolutely perfect; and an imperfect one could not satisfy her. Evidently she was racking her head in vain—it seemed manifest that she must give the matter up. While this depressing thought was passing through her mind, her ear caught the regular breathing of the boy, and she knew he had fallen asleep. And while she listened, the measuredalteration in the MS breathing was broken by a soft, startled cry, such as one utters in a troubled dream. This chance occurrence furnished her instantly with a plan worth all her labored tests combined.alteration in the MS She at oncealteration in the MS set herself feverishly, but noiselessly, to work, to relight her candle, muttering to herself, “Had I but seen him then, I should have known! Since that day, when he was little, that the powder burst in his face, he hath never been startledalteration in the MS of a sudden out of his dreamsalteration in the MS or out of his thinkings, but he hath cast his hand before his eyes, even as he did that day; and not as others would do it, with the palm inward, but always with the palm turned outward—I have seen it a hundred times, and it hath never varied nor ever failed. Yes, I shall soon know, now!”

By this time she had crept to the slumbering boy’s side, with the candle, shaded, in her hand. She bent heedfully and warily over him, scarcely breathing, in her suppressed excitement, and suddenly

she bent heedfully and warily over him.”
[begin page 117] flashed the light in his face and struck the floor by his earalteration in the MS with her knuckles. The sleeper’s eyes sprunghistorical collation wide open, and he cast a startled stare about him—but he made no specialalteration in the MS movement with his hands.

The poor woman was smitten almost helpless with surprise and grief; but she contrived to hide her emotions, and to soothe the boy to sleep again; then she crept apart and communed miserably with herself upon the disastrous result of her experiment. She tried to believe that her Tom’s madness had banished this habitual gesture of his; but she could not do it. “No,” she said, “his hands are not mad, they could not unlearn so oldalteration in the MS a habit in so brief a time. Ohistorical collation, this is a heavy day for me!”

Still, hope was as stubborn, now, as doubt had been before;alteration in the MS she could not bring herself to accept the verdict of the test; she must try the thing again—the failure must have been only an accident; so shealteration in the MS startled the boy out of his sleep a second and a third time, at intervals—with the same result which had markedalteration in the MS the first test—then she dragged herself to bed,alteration in the MS and fell sorrowfully asleep, saying, “But I cannot give him up—Ohistorical collation, no, I cannot, I cannot—he must be my boy!”alteration in the MS

The poor mother’s interruptions having ceased, and the prince’s pains having gradually lost their power to disturb him, utter weariness at last sealed his eyes in a profound and restful sleep. Hour after hour slipped away, and still he slept like the dead. Thus four or five hours passed. Then his stupor began to lighten. Presently while half asleep and half awake, he murmured—

“Sir William!”

After a moment—

“Ho, Sir William Herbert! Hie thee hither, and list to the strangest dream that ever . . . . . . . . Sir William! dost hear? Man, I did think me changed to a pauper, and . . . . . . Ho there! Guards! Sir William! What! isalteration in the MS there no groom of the chamberalteration in the MS in waiting? Alack it shall go hard with—”

“What aileth thee?” asked a whisperalteration in the MS near him. “Who art thou calling?”

“Sir William Herbert. Who art thou?”

“I? Who should I be, but thy sister Nan? Ohistorical collation, Tom, I had forgot!—Thou’rtalteration in the MS mad yet—poor lad thou’rt mad yet, would I had never woke to know it again! But prithee master thy tongue, lest we be all beaten till we die!”

[begin page 118]

The startled prince sprang partly up, but a sharp reminder from his stiffened bruises brought him to himself, and he sunkhistorical collation back among his foul straw with a moanalteration in the MS and the ejaculation—

“Alas, it was no dream, then!”

the prince sprang up.”

In a moment allalteration in the MS the heavy sorrow and misery which sleep had banished were upon him again, and he realized that he was no longer a petted prince in a palace, with the adoring eyes of a nation upon him, but a pauper, an outcast, clothed in rags, prisoner in a den fit only for beasts, and consorting with beggars and thieves.

In the midst of his grief he began to be conscious of hilariousalteration in the MS noises and shoutings, apparently but a block or two away.alteration in the MS The next moment there were several sharp raps at the door, John Canty ceased from snoringalteration in the MS and said—

“Who knocketh? What wilt thou?”

A voice answered—

“Know’st thou who it wasalteration in the MS thou laid thy cudgel on?”

“No. Neither know I, nor care.”

“Belike thou’lt change thy note eftsoons. An’alteration in the MS thou would save thy neck, nothing but flight may stead thee. The man is this moment delivering up the ghost. ’Tis the priest, Father Andrew!”

[begin page 119]

“God-a-mercy!” exclaimed Canty. He rousedalteration in the MS his family, and hoarsely commanded,alteration in the MS “Up with ye all and fly—or bide where ye are and perish!”

Scarcely five minutes later the Canty householdemendation were in the streetalteration in the MS and flying for their lives. John Canty held the prince by the wrist, and hurried him along the dark wayalteration in the MS, givingalteration in the MS him this caution in a low voice—

hurried him along the dark way.”

“Mind thy tongue, thou mad fool,alteration in the MS and speak not our name. I will choose me a new namealteration in the MS, speedily, to throw the law’s dogs off the scent. Mind thy tongue, I tell thee!”textual note

He growled these words to the rest of the family—

“If it so chance that we be separated, let each make for London Bridgeemendation; whoso findeth himself as far as the last linen-draper’s shop on the Bridgeemendation, let him tarryalteration in the MS there till the others be come, then will we fleealteration in the MS into Southwark together.”

At this moment the party burst suddenly out of darkness into light; and not only into light but into the midst of a multitudealteration in the MS of singing, [begin page 120] dancing, and shouting people, massed together on the river frontage. There was a line of bonfires stretching as far as one could see, up and down the Thames; London Bridgeemendation was illuminated; Southwark Bridgeemendation, likewise;alteration in the MS the entire river was aglow with the flash and sheen of colored lights; and constant explosions of fireworks filled the skies with an intricate commingling of shooting splendors and a thickalteration in the MS rain of dazzlingalteration in the MS sparks that almostalteration in the MS turned night into day; everywhere were crowds of revelers; all London seemed to be at large.

John Canty delivered himself of a furious curse and commanded a retreat; but it was too late. He and his tribe were swallowed up in that swarming hive of humanity and hopelesslyalteration in the MS separated from each other in an instant. We are not considering that the prince was one of his tribe; Cantyalteration in the MS still kept his grip upon him. The prince’s heart was beating high with hopes of escape, now. A burly waterman, considerably exalted with liquor,alteration in the MS found himself rudely shoved by Canty in his efforts to plow through the crowd; he laid his great hand on Canty’s shoulder and said—

“Nay, whither so fast, friend? Dost canker thy soul with sordid business when all that be leal men and true make holiday?”

“Mine affairs are mine own, they concern thee not,”alteration in the MS answered Canty, roughly, “take away thy hand and let me pass.”

“Sith that is thy humor, thou’lt not pass, till thou’st drunk to the Prince of Wales, I tell thee that,alteration in the MS” said the waterman, barring the way resolutely.

“Give me the cup, then, and make speed, make speed!”

Other revelers were interested by this time. They cried out—

“The loving-cup, the loving-cup! make the sour knave drink the loving-cup, else will we feed him to the fishes.”

So a huge loving-cup was brought;alteration in the MS the watermanemendation, grasping it by one of its handles, and with his otheralteration in the MS hand bearing up the end of an imaginary napkin, presented it in due and ancient form to Canty, who had to grasp the opposite handle with one of his hands and take off the lid with the other, according to ancient custom.*alteration in the MS This left the prince hand-freealteration in the MS for a second, of course. He wasted no time, but divedhistorical collation emendation alteration in the MS among the forest of legs about him and disappeared. In another moment he could not have been harder to find, under that tossing sea of life, if its billows had been the Atlantic’s and he a lost sixpence.



*See Note 6, at end of volume.alteration in the MS [begin page 121]
he wasted no time.”

He very soon realized this fact, and straightway busied himself about his own affairs without further thought of John Canty. He quickly realized another thing, too. To witemendation, that a spurious Prince of Wales was being feasted by the city in his stead. He easily concluded that the pauper lad, Tom Canty,alteration in the MS had deliberately taken advantage of his stupendous opportunity and become a usurperalteration in the MS. Therefore there was but one course to pursue—find his way to the Guildhall, make himself known,alteration in the MS and denounce the impostoralteration in the MS. He also made up his mind that Tom should be allowed a reasonable time for spiritual preparation and then be hanged, drawn and quartered, according to the law and usage of the day, in cases of high treason.alteration in the MS

[begin page 122]

[blank verso]

Historical Collation CHAPTER 10
  O (MS, Pr, A, C)  ●  Oh (E) 
  O (MS, Pr, A, C)  ●  Oh (E) 
  O (MS, Pr, A, C)  ●  Oh (E) 
  beating (A, E, C)  ●  basting (MS, Pr) 
  back, drowned in tears, to her bed (A, E, C)  ●  back to her bed drowned in tears (MS) 
  O (MS, A, C)  ●  Oh (E) 
  sprung (MS, A, C)  ●  sprang (E) 
  O (MS, Pr, A, C)  ●  Oh (E) 
  O (MS, Pr, A, C)  ●  oh (E) 
  O (MS, A, C)  ●  Oh (E) 
  sunk (MS, A, C)  ●  sank (E) 
  dived (A, E, C)  ●  dove (MS, Pr) 
Editorial Emendations CHAPTER 10
  Thou’lt (Pr)  ●  Thoul’t
  horse-laugh (A)  ●  horse- | laugh
  grandmother (Pr)  ●  grand- | mother
  beating (A)  ●  basting
  defense (I-C)  ●  defence
  back, drowned in tears, to her bed (A)  ●  back to her bed drowned in tears
  household (Pr)  ●  house- | hold
  Bridge (I-C)  ●  bridge
  Bridge (I-C)  ●  bridge
  Bridge (I-C)  ●  bridge
  Bridge (I-C)  ●  bridge
  waterman (A)  ●  water- | man
  dived (A)  ●  dove
  To wit (Pr)  ●  To-wit
Alterations in the Manuscript CHAPTER 10
 CHAPTER 10] the MS reads ‘Chap. 10.’; ‘10.’ added in ink 3 in a space originally left blank.
 to rage] ‘to’ interlined.
 and the blow] follows canceled ‘but the blow descended’.
 a dim form] follows canceled ‘the’.
 mob] follows canceled ‘mob scudded to their several holes with one impulse’.
 abode,] interlined above canceled ‘foul den,’.
 withered] follows canceled ‘lean’.
 an'] the apostrophe added in ink 3.
 thou] interlined above canceled ‘you’.
 to speak] ‘to’ interlined in ink 3.
 Wales,] the comma added in ink 3.
 laughter] follows canceled ‘brutal’.
 woe and] interlined above canceled ‘grief and’.
 put] follows canceled ‘took’ or possibly ‘look’.
 ruin] squeezed in; possibly added later.
 scum,] interlined above canceled ‘sluts,’.
 An'] the apostrophe added in ink 3.
 but let] follows canceled ‘let’.
 the father's] follows canceled ‘John’.
 gathered,] followed by a canceled exclamation point and canceled closing quotation marks; the comma added.
 shoulder] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘cheek’.
 from] interlined above canceled ‘with’.
 staggering] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘reeling’.
 Goodwife] interlined in pencil to replace canceled ‘Mrs.’
 pelting] follows canceled ‘pl’.
 cuffs] written over canceled ‘s’.
 person.] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘head.’
 right soundly,] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘until he was nearly senseless,’.
 has] interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘hath’.
 out,] the comma apparently mended from a period.
 appetite,—] the dash interlined.
 anew,] interlined above canceled ‘again,’.
 As she lay] follows ‘Pain, hunger’ written and canceled in ink 2, and ‘Gradually the prince's pains ceased, and utter weariness sealed his eyes in a deep sleep. Hour after hour slipped away. Still he slept like the dead. Thus, nearly five hours passed. Then his stupor began to lighten. Presently’ written in ink 2 and canceled in ink 3.
 Ah yes] follows canceled ‘A happy thought’.
 promising test] follows canceled ‘test’.
 measured] interlined above canceled ‘soft’.
 combined.] interlined above canceled ‘put together.’
 at once] interlined.
 startled] followed by canceled ‘out o’.
 his dreams] originally ‘his’; ‘his’ canceled and followed by ‘a dream’; then ‘a’ canceled, ‘his’ interlined, and ‘s’ added to ‘dream’.
 by his ear] follows canceled ‘a’.
 special] interlined.
 so old] follows canceled ‘an’.
 before;] the semicolon apparently mended from a comma; followed by canceled ‘and’.
 the test . . . so she] Mark Twain originally wrote ‘the test until she had’; then he added a semicolon after ‘test’, canceled ‘until she had’, and interlined ‘so she’ to read ‘test; so she’. Then he canceled ‘so she’ and interlined ‘she must try again—the failure must have’. Finally, he canceled the entire passage and wrote ‘the test . . . so she’ on the verso of the MS page with instructions to turn over.
 had marked] ‘had’ interlined.
 to bed,] interlined.
 asleep, . . . boy!”] originally probably ‘to sleep.’; ‘to’ canceled, ‘a’ interlined, and the period apparently mended to a comma; ‘saying . . . be my’ squeezed in at the bottom of the MS page, and ‘boy!” ’ written on the following MS page.
 What! is] originally ‘Beshrew me are’; ‘are’ canceled and followed by ‘is’; then in ink 3 ‘What!’ interlined above canceled ‘Beshrew me’.
 chamber] originally ‘bedchamber’; ‘bed’ canceled in ink 3.
 whisper] follows canceled ‘muffled’.
 Thou'rt] follows canceled ‘That’.
 with a moan] follows canceled ‘again’.
 all] interlined.
 hilarious] interlined to replace canceled ‘dull, far off’.
 apparently . . . away.] interlined following a comma mended from a period.
 from snoring] ‘from’ interlined in ink 3.
 it was] originally ‘'twas’; ‘it’ interlined in ink 3 to replace canceled ‘'t’.
 An'] the apostrophe added in ink 3.
 He roused] follows canceled ‘ “Up’.
 commanded,] followed by a canceled dash.
 street] follows canceled ‘dark’.
 way] originally ‘ways’; the ‘s’ canceled.
 giving] follows canceled ‘now and then’.
 fool,] the comma added in ink 3.
 a new name] interlined above canceled ‘another’.
 tarry] follows canceled ‘not go’.
 will we flee] ‘will’ interlined in ink 3 above canceled ‘shall’.
 multitude] follows canceled ‘swarming’.
 Southwark Bridge, likewise;] the MS reads ‘Southwark bridge, likewise;’ (emended); interlined without a caret above canceled ‘(also Southwark’.
 thick] interlined.
 dazzling] follows canceled ‘b’.
 almost] follows canceled ‘seemed’.
 and hopelessly] follows canceled ‘in an instant’.
 Canty] interlined above canceled ‘he’.
 liquor,] the comma added in ink 3.
 thee not,”] originally ‘not thou,” ’. Apparently as an alternative reading, Mark Twain interlined ‘thee’ above ‘thou’, in pencil and without a caret; later in ink 3 he canceled ‘not thou,” ’ and added ‘not,” ’ to the interlineation.
 that,] the comma apparently mended from a period.
 brought;] the semicolon replaces a canceled comma.
 his other] ‘his’ interlined above canceled ‘the’.
 custom.*] the asterisk interlined and the footnote added to the bottom of the MS page in ink 3; see entry at 120 note.
 hand-free] ‘hand-’ interlined.
 dived] the MS reads ‘dove’ (emended); follows canceled ‘dar’.
 *See Note . . . volume.] added to the bottom of the MS page in ink 3.
 Canty,] the comma added in ink 3.
 a usurper] ‘a’ originally ‘an’; the ‘n’ canceled.
 make himself known,] follows canceled ‘and’; the comma added in ink 3.
 impostor] follows canceled ‘usur’.
 in cases . . . treason.] written in ink 3 on the verso of the MS page with instructions to turn over; the preceding comma mended from a period in ink 3.
Textual Notes CHAPTER 10
  We left] At the top of the manuscript page on which chapter 10 begins, Mark Twain wrote in pencil and canceled in ink 3 “Offal Court in Cole Harbor.”
 ground among the] At the bottom of the manuscript page ending here, Mark Twain wrote and canceled in pencil “Let this be father Andrew—.”
 I tell thee!”] On the manuscript page ending here, Mark Twain wrote in pencil and canceled in ink 3 “Insert here the route they prince took, & sort of buildings.”